英语句子成分专题训练题5篇

时间:2023-05-13 10:10:05 来源:网友投稿

篇一:英语句子成分专题训练题

  

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  句子成分(MembersofaSentence)

  什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)和补语(complement)。

  英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

  英语五种基本句型列式如下:

  一:

  S

  V

  (主+谓)

  二:

  S

  V

  P

  (主+系+表)

  三:

  S

  V

  O

  (主+谓+宾)

  四:

  S

  V

  o

  O

  (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

  五:

  S

  V

  O

  C

  (主+谓+宾+宾补)

  基本句型

  一:S

  V

  (主+谓)

  主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!

  谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:Wecome.此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

  S

  │

  V

  (不及物动词)

  1.Thesun│wasshining.太阳在照耀着。

  2.Themoon│rose.月亮升起了。

  3.Theuniverse│remains.宇宙长存。

  4.Weall│breathe,eat,anddrink.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

  5.Who│cares?管它呢?

  6.Whathesaid│doesnotmatter.他所讲的没有什么关系。

  7.They│talkedforhalfanhour.他们谈了半个小时。

  8.Thepen│writessmoothly这支笔书写流利。

  基本句型

  二:

  S

  V

  P

  (主+系+表)

  此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be,look,keep,seem等属一类,表示情况;get,grow,become,turn等属另一类,表示变化。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。

  表语:说明主语的状态、性质、等。可为形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、分词。当联系动词不是be,而其后是名词和代词时,多表达‘转变为’之意,注意与动宾关系的区别。感官动词多可用作联系动词:lookwell/面色好,soundnice/听起来不错,feelgood/感觉好,smellbad/难闻

  例:Tomisaboy.(Tom是个男孩)/主语为Tom,系词为be动词的第三人称单数is,表语为aboy

  S

  │V(是系动词)│

  P

  1.This│is│anEnglish-Chinesedictionary.这是本英汉辞典。

  2.Thedinner│smells│good.午餐的气味很好。

  3.He│fell│inlove.他堕入了情网。

  4.Everything│looks│different.一切看来都不同了。

  5.He│isgrowing│tallandstrong.他长得又高又壮

  6.Thetrouble│is│thattheyareshortofmoney.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。

  7.Ourwell│hasgone│dry.我们井干枯了。

  8.Hisface│turned│red.他的脸红了。

  Therebe结构:Therebe表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义,不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。

  此结构后跟名词,表示‘(存在)有某事物’

  试比较:Thereisaboythere.(那儿有一个男孩。)/前一个there无实意,后一个there为副词‘那里’。

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  基本句型

  三:

  S

  V

  O

  (主+谓+宾)

  此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后,一般同主语构成一样,不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’,如:me,him,them等

  例:Theboyneedsapen.主语theboy,谓语needs(need的第三人称单数形式),宾语apen.

  S

  │V(及物动词)│

  O

  1.Who│knows│theanswer?谁知道答案?

  2.She│smiled│herthanks.她微笑表示感谢。

  3.He│hasrefused│tohelpthem.他拒绝帮他们。

  4.He│enjoys│reading.他喜欢看书。

  5.They│ate│whatwasleftover.他们吃了剩饭。

  6.He│said│"Goodmorning."他说:"早上好!"7.I│want│tohaveacupoftea.我想喝杯茶。

  8.He│admits│thathewasmistaken.他承认犯了错误。

  基本句型

  四:

  S

  V

  o

  O

  (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

  有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,如:give给,pass递,bring带,show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人,为间接宾语;一个指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。

  一般的顺序为:动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:Givemeacupoftea,please.强调间接宾语顺序为:动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如:

  ShowthishousetoMr.Smith.若直接宾语为人称代词:动词+代词直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如:Bringittome,please.S

  │V(及物)│

  o(多指人)

  │

  O(多指物)

  1.She│ordered│herself│anewdress.她给自己定了一套新衣裳。

  2.She│cooked│herhusband│adeliciousmeal.她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。

  3.He│brought│you│adictionary.他给你带来了一本字典。

  4.He│denies│her│nothing.他对她什么都不拒绝。

  5.I│showed│him│mypictures.我给他看我的照片

  6.I│gave│mycar│awash.我洗了我的汽车。

  7.I│told│him│thatthebuswaslate.我告诉他汽车晚点了。

  8.He│showed│me│howtorunthemachine.他教我开机器。

  基本句型

  五:

  S

  V

  O

  C

  (主+谓+宾+宾补)

  此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。

  宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语做出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。

  名词/代词宾格+名词

  Thewarmadehimasoldier./战争使他成为一名战士.名词/代词宾格+形容词

  Newmethodsmakethejobeasy./新方法使这项工作变得轻松.名词/代词宾格+介词短语

  Ioftenfindhimatwork./我经常发现他在工作.名词/代词宾格+动词不定式

  Theteacheraskthestudentstoclosethewindows./老师让学生们关上窗户.名词/代词宾格+分词

  Isawacatrunningacrosstheroad./我看见一只猫跑过了马路.

  S

  │V(及物)│

  O(宾语)

  │

  C(宾补)

  1.They│appointed│him│manager.他们任命他当经理。

  2.They│painted│thedoor│green.他们把门漆成绿色

  3.This│set│them│thinking.这使得他们要细想一想。

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  4.They│found│thehouse│deserted.他们发现那房子无人居住。

  5.What│makes│him│thinkso?他怎么会这样想?

  6.We│saw│him│out.我们送他出去

  7.He│asked│me│tocomebacksoon.他要我早点回来。

  8.I│saw│them│gettingonthebus.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。

  但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短,这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。我们称之为:定语、状语

  一、定语:定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something、nothing);或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时,则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。

  形容词作定语:

  Thelittleboyneedsabluepen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)/小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。

  Tomisahandsomeboy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。

  Thereisagoodboy./有个乖男孩。

  数词作定语相当于形容词:

  Twoboysneedtwopens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。

  Thetwoboysarestudents./这两个男孩是学生。

  Therearetwoboysintheroom./房间里有两个男孩。

  代词或名词所有格作定语:

  HisboyneedsTom\"spen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。

  HisnameisTom./他的名字是汤姆。

  TherearetwoboysofTomsthere./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。

  介词短语作定语:

  Theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。

  TheboyinblueisTom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。

  Therearetwoboysof9,andthreeof10./有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩。

  名词作定语:

  Theboyneedsaballpen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。

  Itisaballpen./这是一支圆珠笔。

  Thereisonlyoneballpeninthepencilbox./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。

  副词作定语:

  Theboythereneedsapen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。

  ThebestboyhereisTom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。

  不定式作定语:

  Theboytowritethisletterneedsapen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。

  TheboytowritethisletterisTom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。

  Thereisnothingtodotoday./今天无事要做。

  分词(短语)作定语:

  Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。

  ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina./她买的笔是中国产的。

  Therearefiveboysleft./有五个留下的男孩。

  定语从句:

  Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。

  TheboyyouwillknowisTom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。

  Therearefiveboyswhowillplaythegame./参加游戏的男孩有五个。

  二、状语:状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。

  状语在句子中的位置很灵活,常见情况为:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,地点状语一般须在时

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  间状语之前;一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。

  有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义,应注意,如:Theboycallsthegirlintheclassroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘(此时intheclassroom为girl的定语),也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此时intheclassroom为地点状语),最好写作‘Intheclassroom,theboycallsthegirl.\"副词(短语)作状语:

  Theboyneedsapenverymuch./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)

  Theboyneedsverymuchthepenboughtbyhismother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。(宾语较长则状语前置)

  Theboyreallyneedsapen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)

  Theboyneedsapennow./Now,theboyneedsapen./Theboy,now,needsapen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。(时间状语)

  介词短语作状语:Intheclassroom,theboyneedsapen./在教室里,男孩需要一支钢笔。(地点状语)

  Beforehismother,Tomisalwaysaboy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语)OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)分词(短语)作状语:

  Hesitsthere,askingforapen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。(表示伴随状态)

  Havingtofinishhishomework,theboyneedsapen./因为不得不完成作业,男孩需要一支笔。(原因状语)

  Frightened,hesitstheresoundlessly./(因为)受了惊吓,他无声地坐在那儿。(原因状语)

  不定式作状语:

  Theboyneedsapentodohishomework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。(目的状语)

  Tomakehisdreamcometrue,Tombecomesveryinterestedinbusiness./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣.名词作状语:

  Comethisway!/走这条路!(方向状语)

  状语从句:

  时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句

  、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句

  三、同位语:同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分,近乎于后置定语。如:

  Westudentsshouldstudyhard./(students是we的同位语,都是指同一批‘学生’)

  Weallarestudents./(all是we的同位语,都指同样的‘我们’)

  四、独立成分:有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分,称为句子独立成分(注意:区别于分词独立结构)。

  感叹词:oh,hello,aha,ah,等。

  肯定词yes否定词no称呼语:称呼人的用语。

  插入语:一些句中插入的Ithink,Ibelieve,等。

  如:Thestory,Ithink,hasnevercometotheend./我相信,这个故事还远没结束.情态词,表示说话人的语气(多作为修饰全句的状语):perhaps也许,maybe大概,actually实际上,certainly当然,等。

  五、分词独立结构:分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致!否则应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词独立结构。

  例:

  错句:Studyinghard,yourscorewillgoup.正确:(1)Studyinghard,youcanmakeyourscoregoup.或(2)Ifyoustudyhard,yourscorewillgoup.解析:错句中分词studying没有自带逻辑主语,则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,既yourscore.显然做study的应是人,不应是yourscore(分数).正确句(1)更正了句子的主语,使其与分词逻辑主语一致(同为you);正确句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语,(不过已经不是分词结构了).分词独立结构常省略being,havingbeen.不过‘Therebeing...’的场合不能省略.如:

  Game(being)over,hewenthome.

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  Hestandsthere,book(being)inhand.独立结构还可用with、without引导,作状语或定语。这种结构不但可以用分词,还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。

  如:

  Withnothingtodo,hefellasleepsoon./无事可做,他很快就睡着了。

  Theteachercamein,withglassesonhisnose./老师进来了,戴着一付眼镜。(注意,此句onhisnose不可省略!)

  练习题

  (一).指出下列句中主语的中心词(4分,4分钟)

  ①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotoday"shomeworkwithouttheteacher"shelpisverydifficult.(二)选出句中谓语的中心词(10分,10分钟)

  ①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast⑥Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn"tC.doD.hishomework⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book(三)挑出下列句中的宾语(10分,10分钟)

  ①Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.

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  ③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.⑩Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.(四)挑出下列句中的表语(5分,5分钟)

  ①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.(五)挑出下列句中的定语(6分,6分钟)

  ①TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!(六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分,6分钟)

  ①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?(七)挑出下列句中的状语(8分,8分钟)

  ①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.

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  ⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分,5分钟)

  ①Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?

  1、___sixyearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.

  A.ItisB.IhavebeenC.ThereareD.Itwas2、___intheroomatthattime.

  A.NobodywasB.SomeonewereC.WhoisD.Heare3、IT"Sverynoisyoutside.___isgoingon?

  A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Where4、___inEnglishinclasseverydayisimportant.

  A.SpeakB.TalkingC.SayingD.Totell5、Theremustbe____nearthefactory.

  A.abookstoreB.bookstoreC.booksstoreD.booksstores6、Althoughit"sraininghard,___arestillworkinginthefields.

  A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.sincethey

  B

  1、Thedoctoraswellasthenurses___greatconcernforthepatients.

  A.showB.showsC.haveshownD.areshowing2、Yoursonmustbeacleverboy,___he?

  A.isB.isn"tC.mustD.mustn"t3、Thecomputercenter,___lastyear,isverypopularamongstudentsinthisschool.

  A.openB.openingC.openedD.beingopened4、I___gototheshoptoday,forthereisalotoffoodathome.

  A.mustn"tB.hadtoC.can"tD.needn"t

  学习必备

  欢迎下载

  5、Don"t___excited.

  A.getB.isC.seemD.look6Thisroom___everymorning.

  A.iscleaningB.iscleanedC.cleansD.cleaning

  C1、Gladtomeetyou!___isyourfullname?

  A.WhatB.WhereC.HowD.Who2、Heis___tolifttheheavybox.

  A.tooweakB.weaktooC.enoughweakD.weakenough3、Thedaysare___warmerandwarmerinspring.

  A.gettingB.lookingC.seemingD.going4、Hisjobis____English.

  A.teachB.toteachC.taughtD.teaches5、Twoballsare___.

  A.underthedeskB.inthewallC.tohereD.atdesks

  D

  1、Weshouldgetready___others.

  A.helpingB.tohelpC.helpD.helpwith2、___interestingworkwearedoing?

  A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Whatan3、Iwant___ateacherwhenIgrowup(-fx;fc).

  A.tobeB.toC.beD.being4、-Wouldyouliketogoonapicnicwithmetoday?

  -Idon"tthinkso.Tobehonest,Ireallydon"tfeellike___ona

  picnic.

  A.goingB.togoC.goD.went5Doyouknow___?

  A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelives

  C.whereheliveD.ifwherehelives6Let____doitagain.

  A.IB.meC.heD.she

  学习必备

  欢迎下载

  7Idon"tknow___.

  A.howtodoB.whattodoC.wheretodoD.whentodo

  E1、Isawhim___basketballwithJackanhourago.

  A.playsB.toplayC.playedD.playo2、Sorry,we"vekeptyou___foralongtime.

  A.waitedB.singC.standD.waiting3、Theteachertoldus____lateagain.

  A.aren"tbeB.don"tbeC.nottobeD.notbe4、Wefindtheroomvery___.

  A.warmB.warmlyC.terriblyD.hardly

  F

  1、Ifound___difficulttoworktogetherwithhim.

  A.itB.itsC.thatD.those2、Weallknow___ourdutytocleanourclassroomafterschooleveryday.

  A.thatB.thisC.whichD.it3、Hefound___veryinterestingtoplaywiththelittledog.

  A.whatB.itC./D.that

  G

  ()1Tomsaidhe___agooddreamyesterdayevening.

  A.dreamB.dreamedC.haveD.has()2Children___ahappylifeinChina.

  A.leadB.livingC.hasD.leading

  H

  ()1America,JapanandCanadaare___countries.

  A.developingB.developedC.lessdevelopedD.develop()2-___skirtisthatonthechair?

  -Letmesee.Oh,no,it"snotmine.

  A.WhoseB.WhatC.Who"sD.Which()3Doyouhaveanything___?

  A.sayingB.to^ayC.saidD.say()4Look,thereisan___treebythewall.

  A.appleB.apple"sC.apples"D.apples

  学习必备

  欢迎下载

  ()5Whereis____seat?

  A.yoursB.yourC.youD.yourselves

  I

  ()1Theboxis___heavyforher___carry.

  A.very;toB.too;notto

  C.too;toD.verytoo;to2-___didyoubuythenewbag?

  -LastMonday.

  A.WhereB.HowC.WhenD.Who3Youcanseethesesignsinahospital.___canyouseethem?

  A.WhereelseB.Whereplaceelse

  C.WhereelseplaceD.Elsewhere4Theywentout___theiroldfriends.

  A.visitB.visitingC.tovisitD.visited5Thereisawideriver____ourvillage.

  A.outsideB.overC.fromD.below

  J

  1Theyoungman,___worksintheoffice.

  A.mebrotherB.mybrotherC.mybrothersD.me2OurEnglishteacher,___oftenhelpsuswithstudy.

  A.MrsWangB.Mrs5WangC.MrsWang"s.D.ofhim3___,somerailwayworkersarebusyrepairingthetrain.

  A.ThemB.HeC.TheyD.Theirs答案

  (一)①teacher②man③dictionary④Todo(二)①B②A③C④A⑤C⑥C⑦D⑧C⑨A⑩A(三)①homework.②English.③attention④words⑤togoswimming⑥hewasill.⑦himmonitor⑧bridgemuseum⑨itschool.⑩who"FatherChristmas"reallyis.(四)①tired.②worried③yellow.④interested⑤thefirst(五)①family②given③third④some⑤downstairs⑥oftheothershoe!(六)①toreadnewspapersandbooks②totaketheboy③difficult④Lily⑤getonthebus⑥playingfootball(七)①onherface.②Everynight③whenhewaseleven.④toofast.⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm⑥becauseshelovesbooks.⑦ifyou’velostit⑧toseetheothermachine.

  学习必备

  欢迎下载

  (八)①us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语

  ②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语

  ③us,间接宾语history,直接宾语

  ④Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语

  ⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语

  A.1-6AABBACB.1-6BBCDABC.1-5AAABA

  D.1-7BCAABBBE.1-4DDCAF.1-3ADBG.1-2BA

  H.1-5BABABI.1-5CCACAJ.1-3BAC

篇二:英语句子成分专题训练题

  

  英语划分句子成分练习题及答案

  (一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

  (二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如:

  Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名词)

  WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代词)

  One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.(数词)

  Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)

  Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(动名词)

  Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名词化的形容词)

  WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主语从句)

  Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)

  (三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:

  1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系动词加表语构成。如:Wearestudents.-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考

  (四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如:

  OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名词)

  Isityours?(代词)

  Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容词)

  Thespeechisexciting.(分词)

  Threetimessevenistwentyone?(数词)

  HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)

  Hishobby(爱好)isplayingfootball.(动名词)

  Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介词短语)

  Timeisup.Theclassisover.(副词)

  Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表语从句)

  (五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如:

  Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)

  Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代词)

  Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(数词)

  Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名词化形容词)

  Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短语)

  Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(动名词短语)

  Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(宾语从句)

  宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考

  (六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如:

  HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名词)

  Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容词)

  Letthefreshairin.(副词)

  Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短语)

  Wesawherenteringtheroom.(现在分词)

  Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介词短语)

  Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(从句)

  (七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示:

  Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容词)

  Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分词)

  Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名词)

  HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代词)

  Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短语)

  Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(动名词)

  HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介词短语)

  (八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:

  Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副词及副词性词组)

  -来源网络,仅供个人学习参考

  Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介词短语)

  Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短语)

  Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分词短语)

  Waitaminute.(名词)

  Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(状语从句)

  状语种类如下:

  Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(时间状语)

  Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因状语)

  Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(条件状语)

  MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地点状语)

  Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式状语)

  Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴随状语)

  Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的状语)

  Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(结果状语)

  Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(让步状语)

  Iamtallerthanheis.(比较状语)

  练习一

  一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:

  1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考

  6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语(—)、谓语(=)、宾语(~):

  Ihopeyouareverywell.I"mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI"mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn"toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowatertheve-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考

  getablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语(—)、状语(=)、补语(~):

  MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It"sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon"t,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.四、选择填空:

  ()1.____willleaveforBeijing.A.NowtherethemanB.ThemanherenowC.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow()2.Theweather____.A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold()3.Theappletasted____.A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter()5.Theactor______attheageof70.A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考

  A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis()9.Thedog____mad.A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where练习一:

  一、1、主语,定语;2、间接宾语;3、谓语,状语;4、定语;5、状语,状语;6、定语,表语;7、宾语,状语;8、谓语,主语;9、谓语;10、主语,表语;11、谓语,宾语;12、状语;13、形式宾语,真正宾语;14、宾语、定语;15、插入语,状语;16、宾语(间宾+直宾);17、状语,状语;18、形式主语,表语,宾补;19、宾补;20、表语

  二、略

  三、略

  四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB练习二:

  一、1、简单句;2、复合句;3、简单句;4、简单句;5、并列句;6、复合句;7、并列句;8、复合句;9、简单句;10、简单句

  二、-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考

  Ihopeyouareverywell(复合句).I"mfine,buttired(简单句).RightnowitisthesummervacationandI"mhelpingmyDadonthefarm(并列句).Augustisthehottestmonthhere(简单句).Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.(并列句)Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors(简单句).WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat(并列复合句).Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm(简单句).Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim(复合句).Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest(简单句).Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden(简单句).Itdoesn"toftenraininthesummerhere(简单句).Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden(简单句).Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell(简单句).Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden(简单句).MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime(简单句).Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy(简单句).Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside(简单句).It"sgreat(简单句)!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion(简单句).Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer(简单句).Idon"t,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty(复合句).InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates(简单句).TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates(简单句).InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime(简单句).HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina(简单-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考

  句)?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep(简单句).Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents(简单句).三、1~5ACADD6~10BCBDC11~15ADBCC16~20ABADB21~25DDDCD26~30ADDBD

  -来源网络,仅供个人学习参考

篇三:英语句子成分专题训练题

  

  句子成分练习题(一)

  (一).指出下列句中主语的中心词(4分,4分钟)

  ①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②

  Thereisanoldmancominghere.③

  Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④

  Todotoday"shomeworkwithouttheteacher"shelpisverydifficult.(二)选出句中谓语的中心词(10分,10分钟)

  ①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"t

  B.like

  C.picture

  D.wall②

  Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.get

  B.longer

  C.days

  D.summer③

  Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.Do

  B.usually

  C.go

  D.bus④

  Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbe

  B.meeting

  C.thelibrary

  D.afternoon⑤

  Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.Did

  B.twins

  C.have

  D.breakfast⑥

  Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.Tom

  B.didn"t

  C.do

  D.hishomework⑦

  WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.want

  B.totell

  C.you

  D.is⑧

  Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.We

  B.had

  C.send

  D.doctor⑨

  Heisinterestedinmusic.A.is

  B.interested

  C.in

  D.music⑩

  Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.

  give

  B.did

  C.whomD.book(三)挑出下列句中的宾语(10分,10分钟)

  ①Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.②

  PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③

  Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④

  How

  manynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤

  Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥

  Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.⑦

  Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.⑧

  Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.⑨

  Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.

  ⑩

  Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"

  reallyis.

  (四)挑出下列句中的表语(5分,5分钟)

  ①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②

  WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③

  Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④

  SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤

  Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.

  (五)挑出下列句中的定语(6分,6分钟)

  ①Theyuse

  Mr,Mrswiththefamilyname.②

  Whatisyourgivenname?③

  OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④

  Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤

  Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.⑥

  Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!

  (六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分,6分钟)

  ①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②

  Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③

  Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④

  TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤

  IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥

  DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?

  (七)挑出下列句中的状语(8分,8分钟)

  ①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②

  Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③

  HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④

  Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.⑤

  Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥

  Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦

  Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧

  ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.

  (八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分,5分钟)

  ①Pleasetellusastory.②

  Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③

  MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④

  Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤

  Didheleaveanymessageforme?答案

  (一)①

  teacher②

  man③

  dictionary

  ④Todo(二)①

  B②

  A

  ③C④

  A

  ⑤C⑥

  C⑦

  D

  ⑧

  C⑨

  A⑩

  A

  (三)①homework.

  ②English.

  ③attention

  ④words

  ⑤togoswimming

  ⑥

  hewasill.⑦

  himmonitor

  ⑧bridge

  museum⑨

  it

  school.

  ⑩

  who"FatherChristmas"reallyis.

  (四)①tired.

  ②worried

  ③yellow.

  ④interested

  ⑤thefirst

  (五)①

  family

  ②given③third

  ④some

  ⑤downstairs

  ⑥

  oftheothershoe!

  (六)①toreadnewspapersandbooks

  ②totaketheboy

  ③difficult

  ④Lily

  ⑤getonthebus

  ⑥

  playingfootball

  (七)①

  onherface.

  ②Everynight

  ③whenhewaseleven.

  ④toofast.

  ⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm

  ⑥

  becauseshelovesbooks.

  ⑦

  ifyou’velostit

  ⑧

  toseetheothermachine.

  (八)①

  us,间接宾语

  astory,直接宾语

  ②me,间接宾语

  anewbike,直接宾语

  ③us,间接宾语

  history,直接宾语

  ④Tom,间接宾语

  it,直接宾语

  ⑤me,间接宾语

  message,直接宾语

  句子成分练习题(二)

  指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分:

  1.Whetherwe’llgodependontheweather.

  2.People’sstandardsoflivingaregoingupsteadily.3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.4.Thenurserytakesgoodcareofourchildren.5.I’llreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.6.Wearesurethatweshallsucceed.7.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishisother.8.TherearemanyfilmthatI’dliketosee.9.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking?10.Ihavealotofworktodo.11.

  AnywayIwon’tstopyoufromdoingit.12.

  Isaiditinfun.13.

  Wecansendacarovertofetchyou.14.

  Shehadtoworkstandingup.15.

  Seeingthis,somecomradesbecameveryworried.16.

  Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.17.

  Thebusarrivedtenminuteslate.18.

  Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.19.

  Springcomingon,thetreeturnedgreen.20.

  Somefarmerssawsomethingstrangeinthesky.21.

  Wethinkitnecessarythateveryoneshouldattendthemeeting.22.

  It’sstrangethatshedoesn’tcometoday.23.

  ItwasinthelibrarythatIcometoday.24.

  Helikesdrawingattimeswhenheisn’tworking.

  25.

  Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.

  句子成分练习题(三)

  A1、___sixyearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.A.ItisB.IhavebeenC.ThereareD.Itwas

  2、___intheroomatthattime.A.NobodywasB.SomeonewereC.WhoisD.Heare

  3、IT"Sverynoisyoutside.___isgoingon?

  A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Where

  4、___inEnglishinclasseverydayisimportant.A.SpeakB.TalkingC.SayingD.Totell5、Theremustbe____nearthefactory.A.abookstoreB.bookstoreC.booksstoreD.booksstores6、Althoughit"sraininghard,___arestillworkinginthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.sincetheyB1、Thedoctoraswellasthenurses___greatconcernforthepatients.A.showB.showsC.haveshownD.areshowing

  2、Yoursonmustbeacleverboy,___he?A.isB.isn"tC.mustD.mustn"t

  3、Thecomputercenter,___lastyear,isverypopularamongstudentsin

  thisschool.A.openB.opening

  C.openedD.beingopened

  4、I___gototheshoptoday,forthereisalotoffoodathome.A.mustn"tB.hadtoC.can"tD.needn"t

  5、Don"t___excited.A.getB.isC.seemD.look

  6Thisroom___everymorning.A.iscleaningB.iscleanedC.cleansD.cleaningC1、Gladtomeetyou!___isyourfullname?A.WhatB.WhereC.HowD.Who

  2、Heis___tolifttheheavybox.A.tooweakB.weaktooC.enoughweakD.weakenough3、Thedaysare___warmerandwarmerinspring.A.gettingB.lookingC.seemingD.going

  4、Hisjobis____English.A.teachB.toteachC.taughtD.teaches

  5、Twoballsare___.A.underthedeskB.inthewallC.to

  hereD.atdesksD1、Weshouldgetready___others.A.helpingB.tohelpC.helpD.helpwith

  2、___interestingworkwearedoing?A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Whatan

  3、Iwant___ateacherwhenIgrowup(-fx;fc).A.tobeB.toC.beD.being

  4、-Wouldyouliketogoonapicnicwithmetoday?-Idon"tthinkso.Tobehonest,Ireallydon"tfeellike___onapicnic.A.goingB.togoC.goD.went

  5Doyouknow___?A.wheredoeshelive

  B.wherehelivesC.whereheliveD.ifwherehelives

  6Let____doitagain.A.IB.meC.heD.she

  7Idon"tknow___.A.howtodoB.whattodoC.wheretodoD.whentodoE

  1、Isawhim___basketballwithJackanhourago.A.playsB.toplayC.playedD.playo

  2、Sorry,we"vekeptyou___foralongtime.A.waitedB.singC.standD.waiting

  3、Theteachertoldus____lateagain.A.aren"tbeB.don"tbeC.nottobeD.notbe

  4、Wefindtheroomvery___.A.warmB.warmlyC.terriblyD.hardlyF1、Ifound___difficulttoworktogetherwithhim.A.itB.itsC.thatD.those

  2、Weallknow___ourdutytocleanourclassroomafterschooleveryday.A.thatB.thisC.whichD.it

  3、Hefound___veryinterestingtoplaywiththelittledog.A.whatB.itC./D.thatG()1Tomsaidhe___agooddreamyesterdayevening.A.dreamB.dreamedC.haveD.has

  ()2Children___ahappylifeinChina.A.leadB.livingC.hasD.leadingH()1America,JapanandCanadaare___countries.A.developingB.developedC.lessdevelopedD.develop

  ()2-___skirtisthatonthechair?

  -Letmesee.Oh,no,it"snotmine.A.WhoseB.WhatC.Who"sD.Which

  ()3Doyouhaveanything___?A.sayingB.to^ayC.saidD.say

  ()4Look,thereisan___treebythewall.A.appleB.apple"sC.apples"D.apples

  ()5Whereis____seat?A.yoursB.yourC.youD.yourselvesI()1Theboxis___heavyforher___carry.A.very;toB.too;nottoC.too;toD.verytoo;to

  2-___didyoubuythenewbag?-LastMonday.A.WhereB.HowC.WhenD.Who

  3Youcanseethesesignsinahospital.___canyouseethem?A.WhereelseB.WhereplaceelseC.WhereelseplaceD.Elsewhere

  4Theywentout___theiroldfriends.A.visitB.visitingC.tovisitD.visited

  5Thereisawideriver____ourvillage.A.outsideB.overC.fromD.belowJ

  1Theyoungman,___worksintheoffice.A.mebrotherB.mybrotherC.mybrothersD.me

  2OurEnglishteacher,___oftenhelpsuswithstudy.A.MrsWangB.Mrs5WangC.MrsWang"s.D.ofhim

  3___,somerailwayworkersarebusyrepairingthetrain.A.ThemB.HeC.TheyD.TheirsA.1-6AABBACB.1-6BBCDABC.1-5AAABAD.1-7BCAABBBE.1-4DDCAF.1-3ADBG.1-2BAH.1-5BABABI.1-5CCACAJ.1-3BAC

篇四:英语句子成分专题训练题

  

  英语句子成分及构造

  句子成分

  主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语

  一.主语:

  Amooncakeisadelicious,roundcake.

  Idon’tknowifitwillgrow.

  OneofthemisEnglish.

  Towinthegameisdifficult.二.谓语:Isawagirl.Iloveyou.

  Youshouldworkhard.Youhadbettertakeabus.Heisahandsomeboy.

  三.宾语

  Isawacatinthetree.Wethinkyouareright.

  Myfatherboughtmeabook.WecallhimTOM.

  Wefindthelittlegirlinthehill.

  四.定语

  Thatisabeautifulflower.

  Thisismybook.

  Ihavealotofthingstodo.

  五.状语

  Heisplayingunderthetree.〔地点〕

  Tenyearsago,ShebegantoliveinDalian.(时间)Thehouseisdirtyforthereasonthathedidn’tcleanit.(原因)Hebuysagifttomakeherhappy.〔目地〕

  IfIamnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou.〔条件〕

  六.表语

  Thesedesksareyellow.

  Wearehappynow.

  Itsoundsgood.Itsmellsnice.

  Tomisahandsomeboy句子构造

  (S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语)一.S十V主谓构造|〔vi.〕

  I

  swim.主

  谓

  Theylistenedcarefully.Myhomeworkhasfinished.二.S十V十O主谓宾构造(vt.)I

  saw

  afilm

  yesterday.主

  谓

  宾

  Theyfoundtheirhomeeasily.Theyhavetakengoodcareofthechildren.

  三.S十V十P主系表构造〔系动词〕

  Is,look____________________+形容词

  He

  is

  old.主

  系动

  表语

  Thestory

  sounds

  interesting.

  主

  系动词

  表语

  Thedeskfeelshard

  Hebecomesateacher.

  Thetreesturnyellowintheautumn.四.S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾构造

  give,ask__________________sbsthHe

  gave

  me

  abook.主

  谓

  宾1宾2Hebroughtmeapen.HeofferedmehisseatHegotmeachair五.S十V十O十C主谓宾补构造

  They

  made

  thegirl

  angry.主

  谓

  宾

  宾补

  Theyfoundherhappythatday.Isawhimin.Iheardtheglassbrokenjustnow.

  句子成分练习题(一)

  (一).指出以下句中主语的中心词

  ①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotoday"shomeworkwithouttheteacher"shelpisverydifficult.(二)选出句中谓语的中心词

  ①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"t

  B.like

  C.picture

  D.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.get

  B.longer

  C.days

  D.summer③DoyouusuallygotoschoolbybusA.Do

  B.usually

  C.go

  D.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.

  A.willbe

  B.meeting

  C.thelibrary

  D.afternoon

  ⑤DidthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfastA.Did

  B.twins

  C.have

  D.breakfast⑥Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.Tom

  B.didn"t

  C.do

  D.hishomework⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.want

  B.totell

  C.you

  D.is⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.We

  B.had

  C.send

  D.doctor⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.is

  B.interested

  C.in

  D.music⑩WhomdidyougivemybooktoA.give

  B.did

  C.whom

  D.book(三)挑出以下句中的宾语

  1.Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.2.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.3.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.4.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass5.Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou6.Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.7.Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.8.Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.

  9.Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.10.Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.

  (四)挑出以下句中的表语

  ①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.

  (五)挑出以下句中的定语

  ①Theyuse

  Mr,Mrswiththefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.(六)挑出以下句中的宾语补足语

  ①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooks.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow

  (七)挑出以下句中的状语

  ①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.

  (八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

  ①Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme

  句子成分练习题(二)

  指出以下句子中划线局部的句子成分:

  1.Whetherwe’llgodependontheweather.

  2.People’sstandardsoflivingaregoingupsteadily.3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.4.Thenurserytakesgoodcareofourchildren.5.I’llreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.6.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishisother.7.TherearemanyfilmthatI’dliketosee.

  8.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking

  9.

  Ihavealotofworktodo.10.

  Wecansendacarovertofetchyou.11.

  12.

  13.

  14.

  15.

  16.

  17.

  18.

  19.

  Shehadtoworkstandingup.Seeingthis,somecomradesbecameveryworried.Thebusarrivedtenminuteslate.Somefarmerssawsomethingstrangeinthesky.Wethinkitnecessarythateveryoneshouldattendthemeeting.It’sstrangethatshedoesn’tcometoday.

  ItwasinthelibrarythatIcometoday.Helikesdrawingattimeswhenheisn’tworking.

  Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.

篇五:英语句子成分专题训练题

  

  英语句子成分练习题含答案解析(总7页)

  -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-CompanyOne1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面,使用请直接删除

  句子成分练习题

  时间:40分钟

  满分40分

  1、指出下列句中主语的中心词(4分,4分钟)

  ①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.

  ②Therearealotofbananatreesontheisland

  ③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.

  ④Todotoday"shomeworkwithouttheteacher"shelpisverydifficult.

  2、选出句中谓语的中心词(10分,10分钟)

  ①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"tB.likeC.PictureD.wall

  ②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.

  A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer

  ③DoyouusuallygotoschoolbybusA.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus

  ④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.

  A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon

  ⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast

  ⑥Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn"tC.doD.hishomework

  ⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is

  ⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor

  ⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music

  ⑩WhomdidyougivemybooktoA.giveB.didC.whomD.book

  3、挑出下列句中的宾语(下划线,有几个找几个)(10分,10分钟)

  ①Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.

  ②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.

  ③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.

  ④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

  ⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?

  ⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.

  ⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.

  ⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.

  ⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.

  ⑩Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.

  4、挑出下列句中的表语(5分,5分钟)

  ①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.

  ②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?

  ③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.

  ④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.

  ⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.

  5、挑出下列句中的定语(6分,6分钟)

  ①TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.

  ②Whatisyourgivenname?

  ③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.

  ④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.

  ⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.

  ⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!

  6、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分,6分钟)

  ①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.

  ②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.

  ③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.

  ④TheycallmeLilysometimes.

  ⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.

  ⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?37、挑出下列句中的状语(8分,8分钟)

  ①Therewasabigsmileonherface.

  ②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.

  ③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.

  ④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.

  ⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.

  ⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.

  ⑦Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,youmustpayforit.

  ⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.

  8、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分,5分钟)

  ①Pleasetellusastory.

  ②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.

  ③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.

  ④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.

  ⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme

  句子成分练习题(解析)

  时间:40分钟

  满分40分

  1、指出下列句中主语的中心词(4分,4分钟)

  ①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.

  老师带着两个学生走进教室。

  walking为谓语,采用现在进行时。

  *his为形容词型物主代词。is为助动词。the为定冠词。

  ②Therearealotofbananatreesontheisland

  岛上有很多香蕉树

  there为形式主语,be为不及物动词作谓语,be后的名词为真正主语。bananatrees是主语,thereare是谓语,alotof是定语,修饰bananatrees,ontheisland是介词短语作定语,同样修饰bananatrees.

  ③Theusefuldictionarywas(given)谓语被动bymymother【lastyear】状语.

  这本有用的词典是我母亲去年给的。

  ④Todotoday"s‘homework’宾withouttheteacher"shelp(is)very{difficult.}表

  没有老师的帮助做今天的家庭作业是非常困难的。

  2、选出句中谓语的中心词(10分,10分钟)

  ①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"tB.likeC.PictureD.wall

  我不喜欢墙上的画。

  ②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.

  夏天来临时,他的日子越来越长。

  A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer

  *get为系动词作谓语,采用一般现在时。

  *第1个long为形容词作表语。

  *when为连词,引导时间状语从句。

  *comes为谓语,采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。

  ③DoyouusuallygotoschoolbybusA.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus

  ④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrary【thisafternoon.】状语

  A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon

  ⑤Didthetwins主have谓porridge宾fortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast

  这对双胞胎早餐吃粥了吗?

  ⑥Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn"tC.doD.hishomework汤姆昨天没有做家庭作业。

  ⑦

  (WhatIwanttotell宾you)主从isthis表.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is

  ⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor

  我们最好叫医生来。

  ⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music

  ⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book

  助

  主

  谓

  宾

  你把我的书给谁了

  3、挑出下列句中的宾语(10分,10分钟)

  ①Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.

  ②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.

  ③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.

  你必须注意你的发音。

  ④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?

  ⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?

  ⑥Theold‘man’sittingatthegate‘said’hewasill.宾从

  坐在门口的那个老人说他病了

  ⑦Theymadehim宾monitor宾补oftheclass.

  他们让他当班长。

  ⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.

  穿过桥,你会在左边找到博物馆。

  ⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.

  ⑩Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.

  宾从

  他们不知道“圣诞老人”到底是谁。

  4、挑出下列句中的表语(5分,5分钟)

  ①Theoldmanwas‘feeling’谓verytired.

  助动adj.作表

  ②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?

  谓

  主

  表

  ③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.

  ⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.

  她是第一个知道这件事的人。

  5、挑出下列句中的定语(6分,6分钟)

  ①Theyuse‘Mr,Mrs’宾withthefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?

  ③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.

  ④Iamafraid【somepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.】宾从

  ⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.

  楼下的那个人正试图睡觉。

  ⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!

  我在等另一只鞋的声音

  6、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分,6分钟)

  ①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.

  她喜欢孩子们在阅览室看报看书。

  ②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.

  他让她把那个男孩带出学校。

  ③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.

  ④TheycallmeLilysometimes.

  他们有时叫我莉莉。

  ⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.

  我看见王先生上车了。

  ⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?

  你刚才看到李明在操场上踢足球了吗?

  7、挑出下列句中的状语(8分,8分钟)

  ①Therewasabigsmileonherface.

  ②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.

  ③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.

  ④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.

  ⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.

  状语(非从句)

  主

  谓

  李小姐胳膊下夹着药箱,匆匆走了。

  ⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.原因状语从句

  ⑦Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,宾从youmustpayforit.

  恐怕如果你把它弄丢了,你必须赔偿。

  ⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.

  学生们跟着王叔叔去看另一台机器。

  8、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分,5分钟)

  ①Pleasetellus间astory直.

  ②Myfatherboughtanewbike直forme间lastweek.

  ③MrLiisgoingtoteachus间history直nextterm.

  ④Hereisapen.Giveit直toTom间.

  ⑤Didheleaveanymessage直forme间

  答案

  1、①teacher②bananatrees③dictionary④Todo

  2、①B②A③C④A⑤C⑥C⑦D⑧C⑨A⑩A

  3、①homework.②English.③attention④words⑤togoswimming⑥hewasill.⑦himmonitor⑧bridgemuseum⑨itschool.⑩who"FatherChristmas"reallyis

  4、①tired.②worried③yellow.④interested⑤thefirst

  5、①family②given③third④some⑤downstairs⑥oftheothershoe!

  6、①toreadnewspapersandbooks②totaketheboy③difficult④Lily⑤getonthebus⑥playingfootball

  7、①onherface.②Everynight③whenhewaseleven.④toofast.⑤

  Withthemedicineboxunderherarm⑥becauseshelovesbooks.⑦

  ifyou’velostit⑧toseetheothermachine.

  8、①us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语

  ③us,间接宾语history,直接宾语

  ④Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语

  ⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语

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