篇一:英语句子成分专题训练题
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句子成分(MembersofaSentence)
什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)和补语(complement)。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下:
一:
S
V
(主+谓)
二:
S
V
P
(主+系+表)
三:
S
V
O
(主+谓+宾)
四:
S
V
o
O
(主+谓+间宾+直宾)
五:
S
V
O
C
(主+谓+宾+宾补)
基本句型
一:S
V
(主+谓)
主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!
谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:Wecome.此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
S
│
V
(不及物动词)
1.Thesun│wasshining.太阳在照耀着。
2.Themoon│rose.月亮升起了。
3.Theuniverse│remains.宇宙长存。
4.Weall│breathe,eat,anddrink.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5.Who│cares?管它呢?
6.Whathesaid│doesnotmatter.他所讲的没有什么关系。
7.They│talkedforhalfanhour.他们谈了半个小时。
8.Thepen│writessmoothly这支笔书写流利。
基本句型
二:
S
V
P
(主+系+表)
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be,look,keep,seem等属一类,表示情况;get,grow,become,turn等属另一类,表示变化。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。
表语:说明主语的状态、性质、等。可为形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、分词。当联系动词不是be,而其后是名词和代词时,多表达‘转变为’之意,注意与动宾关系的区别。感官动词多可用作联系动词:lookwell/面色好,soundnice/听起来不错,feelgood/感觉好,smellbad/难闻
例:Tomisaboy.(Tom是个男孩)/主语为Tom,系词为be动词的第三人称单数is,表语为aboy
S
│V(是系动词)│
P
1.This│is│anEnglish-Chinesedictionary.这是本英汉辞典。
2.Thedinner│smells│good.午餐的气味很好。
3.He│fell│inlove.他堕入了情网。
4.Everything│looks│different.一切看来都不同了。
5.He│isgrowing│tallandstrong.他长得又高又壮
6.Thetrouble│is│thattheyareshortofmoney.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
7.Ourwell│hasgone│dry.我们井干枯了。
8.Hisface│turned│red.他的脸红了。
Therebe结构:Therebe表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义,不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。
此结构后跟名词,表示‘(存在)有某事物’
试比较:Thereisaboythere.(那儿有一个男孩。)/前一个there无实意,后一个there为副词‘那里’。
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基本句型
三:
S
V
O
(主+谓+宾)
此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后,一般同主语构成一样,不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’,如:me,him,them等
例:Theboyneedsapen.主语theboy,谓语needs(need的第三人称单数形式),宾语apen.
S
│V(及物动词)│
O
1.Who│knows│theanswer?谁知道答案?
2.She│smiled│herthanks.她微笑表示感谢。
3.He│hasrefused│tohelpthem.他拒绝帮他们。
4.He│enjoys│reading.他喜欢看书。
5.They│ate│whatwasleftover.他们吃了剩饭。
6.He│said│"Goodmorning."他说:"早上好!"7.I│want│tohaveacupoftea.我想喝杯茶。
8.He│admits│thathewasmistaken.他承认犯了错误。
基本句型
四:
S
V
o
O
(主+谓+间宾+直宾)
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,如:give给,pass递,bring带,show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人,为间接宾语;一个指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。
一般的顺序为:动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:Givemeacupoftea,please.强调间接宾语顺序为:动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如:
ShowthishousetoMr.Smith.若直接宾语为人称代词:动词+代词直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如:Bringittome,please.S
│V(及物)│
o(多指人)
│
O(多指物)
1.She│ordered│herself│anewdress.她给自己定了一套新衣裳。
2.She│cooked│herhusband│adeliciousmeal.她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
3.He│brought│you│adictionary.他给你带来了一本字典。
4.He│denies│her│nothing.他对她什么都不拒绝。
5.I│showed│him│mypictures.我给他看我的照片
6.I│gave│mycar│awash.我洗了我的汽车。
7.I│told│him│thatthebuswaslate.我告诉他汽车晚点了。
8.He│showed│me│howtorunthemachine.他教我开机器。
基本句型
五:
S
V
O
C
(主+谓+宾+宾补)
此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语做出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。
名词/代词宾格+名词
Thewarmadehimasoldier./战争使他成为一名战士.名词/代词宾格+形容词
Newmethodsmakethejobeasy./新方法使这项工作变得轻松.名词/代词宾格+介词短语
Ioftenfindhimatwork./我经常发现他在工作.名词/代词宾格+动词不定式
Theteacheraskthestudentstoclosethewindows./老师让学生们关上窗户.名词/代词宾格+分词
Isawacatrunningacrosstheroad./我看见一只猫跑过了马路.
S
│V(及物)│
O(宾语)
│
C(宾补)
1.They│appointed│him│manager.他们任命他当经理。
2.They│painted│thedoor│green.他们把门漆成绿色
3.This│set│them│thinking.这使得他们要细想一想。
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4.They│found│thehouse│deserted.他们发现那房子无人居住。
5.What│makes│him│thinkso?他怎么会这样想?
6.We│saw│him│out.我们送他出去
7.He│asked│me│tocomebacksoon.他要我早点回来。
8.I│saw│them│gettingonthebus.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短,这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。我们称之为:定语、状语
一、定语:定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something、nothing);或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时,则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。
形容词作定语:
Thelittleboyneedsabluepen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)/小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。
Tomisahandsomeboy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。
Thereisagoodboy./有个乖男孩。
数词作定语相当于形容词:
Twoboysneedtwopens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。
Thetwoboysarestudents./这两个男孩是学生。
Therearetwoboysintheroom./房间里有两个男孩。
代词或名词所有格作定语:
HisboyneedsTom\"spen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。
HisnameisTom./他的名字是汤姆。
TherearetwoboysofTomsthere./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。
介词短语作定语:
Theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。
TheboyinblueisTom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。
Therearetwoboysof9,andthreeof10./有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩。
名词作定语:
Theboyneedsaballpen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。
Itisaballpen./这是一支圆珠笔。
Thereisonlyoneballpeninthepencilbox./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。
副词作定语:
Theboythereneedsapen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。
ThebestboyhereisTom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。
不定式作定语:
Theboytowritethisletterneedsapen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。
TheboytowritethisletterisTom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。
Thereisnothingtodotoday./今天无事要做。
分词(短语)作定语:
Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。
ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina./她买的笔是中国产的。
Therearefiveboysleft./有五个留下的男孩。
定语从句:
Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
TheboyyouwillknowisTom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。
Therearefiveboyswhowillplaythegame./参加游戏的男孩有五个。
二、状语:状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。
状语在句子中的位置很灵活,常见情况为:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,地点状语一般须在时
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间状语之前;一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。
有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义,应注意,如:Theboycallsthegirlintheclassroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘(此时intheclassroom为girl的定语),也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此时intheclassroom为地点状语),最好写作‘Intheclassroom,theboycallsthegirl.\"副词(短语)作状语:
Theboyneedsapenverymuch./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)
Theboyneedsverymuchthepenboughtbyhismother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。(宾语较长则状语前置)
Theboyreallyneedsapen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)
Theboyneedsapennow./Now,theboyneedsapen./Theboy,now,needsapen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。(时间状语)
介词短语作状语:Intheclassroom,theboyneedsapen./在教室里,男孩需要一支钢笔。(地点状语)
Beforehismother,Tomisalwaysaboy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语)OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)分词(短语)作状语:
Hesitsthere,askingforapen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。(表示伴随状态)
Havingtofinishhishomework,theboyneedsapen./因为不得不完成作业,男孩需要一支笔。(原因状语)
Frightened,hesitstheresoundlessly./(因为)受了惊吓,他无声地坐在那儿。(原因状语)
不定式作状语:
Theboyneedsapentodohishomework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。(目的状语)
Tomakehisdreamcometrue,Tombecomesveryinterestedinbusiness./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣.名词作状语:
Comethisway!/走这条路!(方向状语)
状语从句:
时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句
、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句
三、同位语:同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分,近乎于后置定语。如:
Westudentsshouldstudyhard./(students是we的同位语,都是指同一批‘学生’)
Weallarestudents./(all是we的同位语,都指同样的‘我们’)
四、独立成分:有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分,称为句子独立成分(注意:区别于分词独立结构)。
感叹词:oh,hello,aha,ah,等。
肯定词yes否定词no称呼语:称呼人的用语。
插入语:一些句中插入的Ithink,Ibelieve,等。
如:Thestory,Ithink,hasnevercometotheend./我相信,这个故事还远没结束.情态词,表示说话人的语气(多作为修饰全句的状语):perhaps也许,maybe大概,actually实际上,certainly当然,等。
五、分词独立结构:分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致!否则应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词独立结构。
例:
错句:Studyinghard,yourscorewillgoup.正确:(1)Studyinghard,youcanmakeyourscoregoup.或(2)Ifyoustudyhard,yourscorewillgoup.解析:错句中分词studying没有自带逻辑主语,则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,既yourscore.显然做study的应是人,不应是yourscore(分数).正确句(1)更正了句子的主语,使其与分词逻辑主语一致(同为you);正确句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语,(不过已经不是分词结构了).分词独立结构常省略being,havingbeen.不过‘Therebeing...’的场合不能省略.如:
Game(being)over,hewenthome.
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Hestandsthere,book(being)inhand.独立结构还可用with、without引导,作状语或定语。这种结构不但可以用分词,还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。
如:
Withnothingtodo,hefellasleepsoon./无事可做,他很快就睡着了。
Theteachercamein,withglassesonhisnose./老师进来了,戴着一付眼镜。(注意,此句onhisnose不可省略!)
练习题
(一).指出下列句中主语的中心词(4分,4分钟)
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotoday"shomeworkwithouttheteacher"shelpisverydifficult.(二)选出句中谓语的中心词(10分,10分钟)
①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast⑥Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn"tC.doD.hishomework⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book(三)挑出下列句中的宾语(10分,10分钟)
①Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.
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③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.⑩Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.(四)挑出下列句中的表语(5分,5分钟)
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.(五)挑出下列句中的定语(6分,6分钟)
①TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!(六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分,6分钟)
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?(七)挑出下列句中的状语(8分,8分钟)
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.
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⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分,5分钟)
①Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?
1、___sixyearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.
A.ItisB.IhavebeenC.ThereareD.Itwas2、___intheroomatthattime.
A.NobodywasB.SomeonewereC.WhoisD.Heare3、IT"Sverynoisyoutside.___isgoingon?
A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Where4、___inEnglishinclasseverydayisimportant.
A.SpeakB.TalkingC.SayingD.Totell5、Theremustbe____nearthefactory.
A.abookstoreB.bookstoreC.booksstoreD.booksstores6、Althoughit"sraininghard,___arestillworkinginthefields.
A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.sincethey
B
1、Thedoctoraswellasthenurses___greatconcernforthepatients.
A.showB.showsC.haveshownD.areshowing2、Yoursonmustbeacleverboy,___he?
A.isB.isn"tC.mustD.mustn"t3、Thecomputercenter,___lastyear,isverypopularamongstudentsinthisschool.
A.openB.openingC.openedD.beingopened4、I___gototheshoptoday,forthereisalotoffoodathome.
A.mustn"tB.hadtoC.can"tD.needn"t
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5、Don"t___excited.
A.getB.isC.seemD.look6Thisroom___everymorning.
A.iscleaningB.iscleanedC.cleansD.cleaning
C1、Gladtomeetyou!___isyourfullname?
A.WhatB.WhereC.HowD.Who2、Heis___tolifttheheavybox.
A.tooweakB.weaktooC.enoughweakD.weakenough3、Thedaysare___warmerandwarmerinspring.
A.gettingB.lookingC.seemingD.going4、Hisjobis____English.
A.teachB.toteachC.taughtD.teaches5、Twoballsare___.
A.underthedeskB.inthewallC.tohereD.atdesks
D
1、Weshouldgetready___others.
A.helpingB.tohelpC.helpD.helpwith2、___interestingworkwearedoing?
A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Whatan3、Iwant___ateacherwhenIgrowup(-fx;fc).
A.tobeB.toC.beD.being4、-Wouldyouliketogoonapicnicwithmetoday?
-Idon"tthinkso.Tobehonest,Ireallydon"tfeellike___ona
picnic.
A.goingB.togoC.goD.went5Doyouknow___?
A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelives
C.whereheliveD.ifwherehelives6Let____doitagain.
A.IB.meC.heD.she
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7Idon"tknow___.
A.howtodoB.whattodoC.wheretodoD.whentodo
E1、Isawhim___basketballwithJackanhourago.
A.playsB.toplayC.playedD.playo2、Sorry,we"vekeptyou___foralongtime.
A.waitedB.singC.standD.waiting3、Theteachertoldus____lateagain.
A.aren"tbeB.don"tbeC.nottobeD.notbe4、Wefindtheroomvery___.
A.warmB.warmlyC.terriblyD.hardly
F
1、Ifound___difficulttoworktogetherwithhim.
A.itB.itsC.thatD.those2、Weallknow___ourdutytocleanourclassroomafterschooleveryday.
A.thatB.thisC.whichD.it3、Hefound___veryinterestingtoplaywiththelittledog.
A.whatB.itC./D.that
G
()1Tomsaidhe___agooddreamyesterdayevening.
A.dreamB.dreamedC.haveD.has()2Children___ahappylifeinChina.
A.leadB.livingC.hasD.leading
H
()1America,JapanandCanadaare___countries.
A.developingB.developedC.lessdevelopedD.develop()2-___skirtisthatonthechair?
-Letmesee.Oh,no,it"snotmine.
A.WhoseB.WhatC.Who"sD.Which()3Doyouhaveanything___?
A.sayingB.to^ayC.saidD.say()4Look,thereisan___treebythewall.
A.appleB.apple"sC.apples"D.apples
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()5Whereis____seat?
A.yoursB.yourC.youD.yourselves
I
()1Theboxis___heavyforher___carry.
A.very;toB.too;notto
C.too;toD.verytoo;to2-___didyoubuythenewbag?
-LastMonday.
A.WhereB.HowC.WhenD.Who3Youcanseethesesignsinahospital.___canyouseethem?
A.WhereelseB.Whereplaceelse
C.WhereelseplaceD.Elsewhere4Theywentout___theiroldfriends.
A.visitB.visitingC.tovisitD.visited5Thereisawideriver____ourvillage.
A.outsideB.overC.fromD.below
J
1Theyoungman,___worksintheoffice.
A.mebrotherB.mybrotherC.mybrothersD.me2OurEnglishteacher,___oftenhelpsuswithstudy.
A.MrsWangB.Mrs5WangC.MrsWang"s.D.ofhim3___,somerailwayworkersarebusyrepairingthetrain.
A.ThemB.HeC.TheyD.Theirs答案
(一)①teacher②man③dictionary④Todo(二)①B②A③C④A⑤C⑥C⑦D⑧C⑨A⑩A(三)①homework.②English.③attention④words⑤togoswimming⑥hewasill.⑦himmonitor⑧bridgemuseum⑨itschool.⑩who"FatherChristmas"reallyis.(四)①tired.②worried③yellow.④interested⑤thefirst(五)①family②given③third④some⑤downstairs⑥oftheothershoe!(六)①toreadnewspapersandbooks②totaketheboy③difficult④Lily⑤getonthebus⑥playingfootball(七)①onherface.②Everynight③whenhewaseleven.④toofast.⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm⑥becauseshelovesbooks.⑦ifyou’velostit⑧toseetheothermachine.
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(八)①us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语
②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语
③us,间接宾语history,直接宾语
④Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语
⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语
A.1-6AABBACB.1-6BBCDABC.1-5AAABA
D.1-7BCAABBBE.1-4DDCAF.1-3ADBG.1-2BA
H.1-5BABABI.1-5CCACAJ.1-3BAC
篇二:英语句子成分专题训练题
英语划分句子成分练习题及答案
(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如:
Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名词)
WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代词)
One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.(数词)
Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)
Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(动名词)
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名词化的形容词)
WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主语从句)
Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)
(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系动词加表语构成。如:Wearestudents.-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考
(四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如:
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名词)
Isityours?(代词)
Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容词)
Thespeechisexciting.(分词)
Threetimessevenistwentyone?(数词)
HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)
Hishobby(爱好)isplayingfootball.(动名词)
Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介词短语)
Timeisup.Theclassisover.(副词)
Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表语从句)
(五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如:
Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)
Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代词)
Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.(数词)
Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名词化形容词)
Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短语)
Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(动名词短语)
Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(宾语从句)
宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考
(六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如:
HisfathernamedhimDongming.(名词)
Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.(形容词)
Letthefreshairin.(副词)
Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.(不定式短语)
Wesawherenteringtheroom.(现在分词)
Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.(介词短语)
Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.(从句)
(七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示:
Guilinisabeautifulcity.(形容词)
Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.(分词)
Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.(名词)
HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.(代词)
Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(不定式短语)
Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.(动名词)
HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.(介词短语)
(八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:
Lighttravelsmostquickly.(副词及副词性词组)
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Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.(介词短语)
Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.(不定式短语)
Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.(分词短语)
Waitaminute.(名词)
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.(状语从句)
状语种类如下:
Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?(时间状语)
Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.(原因状语)
Ishallgothereifitdoesn’train.(条件状语)
MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.(地点状语)
Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.(方式状语)
Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.(伴随状语)
Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.(目的状语)
Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.(结果状语)
Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.(让步状语)
Iamtallerthanheis.(比较状语)
练习一
一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:
1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考
6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语(—)、谓语(=)、宾语(~):
Ihopeyouareverywell.I"mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI"mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn"toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowatertheve-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考
getablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语(—)、状语(=)、补语(~):
MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It"sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon"t,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.四、选择填空:
()1.____willleaveforBeijing.A.NowtherethemanB.ThemanherenowC.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow()2.Theweather____.A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold()3.Theappletasted____.A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter()5.Theactor______attheageof70.A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考
A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis()9.Thedog____mad.A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where练习一:
一、1、主语,定语;2、间接宾语;3、谓语,状语;4、定语;5、状语,状语;6、定语,表语;7、宾语,状语;8、谓语,主语;9、谓语;10、主语,表语;11、谓语,宾语;12、状语;13、形式宾语,真正宾语;14、宾语、定语;15、插入语,状语;16、宾语(间宾+直宾);17、状语,状语;18、形式主语,表语,宾补;19、宾补;20、表语
二、略
三、略
四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB练习二:
一、1、简单句;2、复合句;3、简单句;4、简单句;5、并列句;6、复合句;7、并列句;8、复合句;9、简单句;10、简单句
二、-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考
Ihopeyouareverywell(复合句).I"mfine,buttired(简单句).RightnowitisthesummervacationandI"mhelpingmyDadonthefarm(并列句).Augustisthehottestmonthhere(简单句).Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.(并列句)Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors(简单句).WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat(并列复合句).Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm(简单句).Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim(复合句).Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest(简单句).Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden(简单句).Itdoesn"toftenraininthesummerhere(简单句).Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden(简单句).Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell(简单句).Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden(简单句).MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime(简单句).Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy(简单句).Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside(简单句).It"sgreat(简单句)!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion(简单句).Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer(简单句).Idon"t,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty(复合句).InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates(简单句).TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates(简单句).InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime(简单句).HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina(简单-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考
句)?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep(简单句).Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents(简单句).三、1~5ACADD6~10BCBDC11~15ADBCC16~20ABADB21~25DDDCD26~30ADDBD
-来源网络,仅供个人学习参考
篇三:英语句子成分专题训练题
句子成分练习题(一)
(一).指出下列句中主语的中心词(4分,4分钟)
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②
Thereisanoldmancominghere.③
Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④
Todotoday"shomeworkwithouttheteacher"shelpisverydifficult.(二)选出句中谓语的中心词(10分,10分钟)
①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"t
B.like
C.picture
D.wall②
Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.get
B.longer
C.days
D.summer③
Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.Do
B.usually
C.go
D.bus④
Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbe
B.meeting
C.thelibrary
D.afternoon⑤
Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.Did
B.twins
C.have
D.breakfast⑥
Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.Tom
B.didn"t
C.do
D.hishomework⑦
WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.want
B.totell
C.you
D.is⑧
Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.We
B.had
C.send
D.doctor⑨
Heisinterestedinmusic.A.is
B.interested
C.in
D.music⑩
Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.
give
B.did
C.whomD.book(三)挑出下列句中的宾语(10分,10分钟)
①Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.②
PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③
Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④
How
manynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤
Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥
Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.⑦
Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.⑧
Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.⑨
Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.
⑩
Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"
reallyis.
(四)挑出下列句中的表语(5分,5分钟)
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②
WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③
Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④
SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤
Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
(五)挑出下列句中的定语(6分,6分钟)
①Theyuse
Mr,Mrswiththefamilyname.②
Whatisyourgivenname?③
OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④
Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤
Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.⑥
Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!
(六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分,6分钟)
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②
Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③
Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④
TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤
IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥
DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?
(七)挑出下列句中的状语(8分,8分钟)
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②
Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③
HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④
Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.⑤
Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥
Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦
Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧
ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.
(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分,5分钟)
①Pleasetellusastory.②
Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③
MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④
Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤
Didheleaveanymessageforme?答案
(一)①
teacher②
man③
dictionary
④Todo(二)①
B②
A
③C④
A
⑤C⑥
C⑦
D
⑧
C⑨
A⑩
A
(三)①homework.
②English.
③attention
④words
⑤togoswimming
⑥
hewasill.⑦
himmonitor
⑧bridge
museum⑨
it
school.
⑩
who"FatherChristmas"reallyis.
(四)①tired.
②worried
③yellow.
④interested
⑤thefirst
(五)①
family
②given③third
④some
⑤downstairs
⑥
oftheothershoe!
(六)①toreadnewspapersandbooks
②totaketheboy
③difficult
④Lily
⑤getonthebus
⑥
playingfootball
(七)①
onherface.
②Everynight
③whenhewaseleven.
④toofast.
⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm
⑥
becauseshelovesbooks.
⑦
ifyou’velostit
⑧
toseetheothermachine.
(八)①
us,间接宾语
astory,直接宾语
②me,间接宾语
anewbike,直接宾语
③us,间接宾语
history,直接宾语
④Tom,间接宾语
it,直接宾语
⑤me,间接宾语
message,直接宾语
句子成分练习题(二)
指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分:
1.Whetherwe’llgodependontheweather.
2.People’sstandardsoflivingaregoingupsteadily.3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.4.Thenurserytakesgoodcareofourchildren.5.I’llreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.6.Wearesurethatweshallsucceed.7.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishisother.8.TherearemanyfilmthatI’dliketosee.9.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking?10.Ihavealotofworktodo.11.
AnywayIwon’tstopyoufromdoingit.12.
Isaiditinfun.13.
Wecansendacarovertofetchyou.14.
Shehadtoworkstandingup.15.
Seeingthis,somecomradesbecameveryworried.16.
Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.17.
Thebusarrivedtenminuteslate.18.
Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.19.
Springcomingon,thetreeturnedgreen.20.
Somefarmerssawsomethingstrangeinthesky.21.
Wethinkitnecessarythateveryoneshouldattendthemeeting.22.
It’sstrangethatshedoesn’tcometoday.23.
ItwasinthelibrarythatIcometoday.24.
Helikesdrawingattimeswhenheisn’tworking.
25.
Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.
句子成分练习题(三)
A1、___sixyearssinceIbegantostudyEnglish.A.ItisB.IhavebeenC.ThereareD.Itwas
2、___intheroomatthattime.A.NobodywasB.SomeonewereC.WhoisD.Heare
3、IT"Sverynoisyoutside.___isgoingon?
A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Where
4、___inEnglishinclasseverydayisimportant.A.SpeakB.TalkingC.SayingD.Totell5、Theremustbe____nearthefactory.A.abookstoreB.bookstoreC.booksstoreD.booksstores6、Althoughit"sraininghard,___arestillworkinginthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.sincetheyB1、Thedoctoraswellasthenurses___greatconcernforthepatients.A.showB.showsC.haveshownD.areshowing
2、Yoursonmustbeacleverboy,___he?A.isB.isn"tC.mustD.mustn"t
3、Thecomputercenter,___lastyear,isverypopularamongstudentsin
thisschool.A.openB.opening
C.openedD.beingopened
4、I___gototheshoptoday,forthereisalotoffoodathome.A.mustn"tB.hadtoC.can"tD.needn"t
5、Don"t___excited.A.getB.isC.seemD.look
6Thisroom___everymorning.A.iscleaningB.iscleanedC.cleansD.cleaningC1、Gladtomeetyou!___isyourfullname?A.WhatB.WhereC.HowD.Who
2、Heis___tolifttheheavybox.A.tooweakB.weaktooC.enoughweakD.weakenough3、Thedaysare___warmerandwarmerinspring.A.gettingB.lookingC.seemingD.going
4、Hisjobis____English.A.teachB.toteachC.taughtD.teaches
5、Twoballsare___.A.underthedeskB.inthewallC.to
hereD.atdesksD1、Weshouldgetready___others.A.helpingB.tohelpC.helpD.helpwith
2、___interestingworkwearedoing?A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Whatan
3、Iwant___ateacherwhenIgrowup(-fx;fc).A.tobeB.toC.beD.being
4、-Wouldyouliketogoonapicnicwithmetoday?-Idon"tthinkso.Tobehonest,Ireallydon"tfeellike___onapicnic.A.goingB.togoC.goD.went
5Doyouknow___?A.wheredoeshelive
B.wherehelivesC.whereheliveD.ifwherehelives
6Let____doitagain.A.IB.meC.heD.she
7Idon"tknow___.A.howtodoB.whattodoC.wheretodoD.whentodoE
1、Isawhim___basketballwithJackanhourago.A.playsB.toplayC.playedD.playo
2、Sorry,we"vekeptyou___foralongtime.A.waitedB.singC.standD.waiting
3、Theteachertoldus____lateagain.A.aren"tbeB.don"tbeC.nottobeD.notbe
4、Wefindtheroomvery___.A.warmB.warmlyC.terriblyD.hardlyF1、Ifound___difficulttoworktogetherwithhim.A.itB.itsC.thatD.those
2、Weallknow___ourdutytocleanourclassroomafterschooleveryday.A.thatB.thisC.whichD.it
3、Hefound___veryinterestingtoplaywiththelittledog.A.whatB.itC./D.thatG()1Tomsaidhe___agooddreamyesterdayevening.A.dreamB.dreamedC.haveD.has
()2Children___ahappylifeinChina.A.leadB.livingC.hasD.leadingH()1America,JapanandCanadaare___countries.A.developingB.developedC.lessdevelopedD.develop
()2-___skirtisthatonthechair?
-Letmesee.Oh,no,it"snotmine.A.WhoseB.WhatC.Who"sD.Which
()3Doyouhaveanything___?A.sayingB.to^ayC.saidD.say
()4Look,thereisan___treebythewall.A.appleB.apple"sC.apples"D.apples
()5Whereis____seat?A.yoursB.yourC.youD.yourselvesI()1Theboxis___heavyforher___carry.A.very;toB.too;nottoC.too;toD.verytoo;to
2-___didyoubuythenewbag?-LastMonday.A.WhereB.HowC.WhenD.Who
3Youcanseethesesignsinahospital.___canyouseethem?A.WhereelseB.WhereplaceelseC.WhereelseplaceD.Elsewhere
4Theywentout___theiroldfriends.A.visitB.visitingC.tovisitD.visited
5Thereisawideriver____ourvillage.A.outsideB.overC.fromD.belowJ
1Theyoungman,___worksintheoffice.A.mebrotherB.mybrotherC.mybrothersD.me
2OurEnglishteacher,___oftenhelpsuswithstudy.A.MrsWangB.Mrs5WangC.MrsWang"s.D.ofhim
3___,somerailwayworkersarebusyrepairingthetrain.A.ThemB.HeC.TheyD.TheirsA.1-6AABBACB.1-6BBCDABC.1-5AAABAD.1-7BCAABBBE.1-4DDCAF.1-3ADBG.1-2BAH.1-5BABABI.1-5CCACAJ.1-3BAC
篇四:英语句子成分专题训练题
英语句子成分及构造
句子成分
主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语
一.主语:
Amooncakeisadelicious,roundcake.
Idon’tknowifitwillgrow.
OneofthemisEnglish.
Towinthegameisdifficult.二.谓语:Isawagirl.Iloveyou.
Youshouldworkhard.Youhadbettertakeabus.Heisahandsomeboy.
三.宾语
Isawacatinthetree.Wethinkyouareright.
Myfatherboughtmeabook.WecallhimTOM.
Wefindthelittlegirlinthehill.
四.定语
Thatisabeautifulflower.
Thisismybook.
Ihavealotofthingstodo.
五.状语
Heisplayingunderthetree.〔地点〕
Tenyearsago,ShebegantoliveinDalian.(时间)Thehouseisdirtyforthereasonthathedidn’tcleanit.(原因)Hebuysagifttomakeherhappy.〔目地〕
IfIamnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou.〔条件〕
六.表语
Thesedesksareyellow.
Wearehappynow.
Itsoundsgood.Itsmellsnice.
Tomisahandsomeboy句子构造
(S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语)一.S十V主谓构造|〔vi.〕
I
swim.主
谓
Theylistenedcarefully.Myhomeworkhasfinished.二.S十V十O主谓宾构造(vt.)I
saw
afilm
yesterday.主
谓
宾
Theyfoundtheirhomeeasily.Theyhavetakengoodcareofthechildren.
三.S十V十P主系表构造〔系动词〕
Is,look____________________+形容词
He
is
old.主
系动
表语
Thestory
sounds
interesting.
主
系动词
表语
Thedeskfeelshard
Hebecomesateacher.
Thetreesturnyellowintheautumn.四.S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾构造
give,ask__________________sbsthHe
gave
me
abook.主
谓
宾1宾2Hebroughtmeapen.HeofferedmehisseatHegotmeachair五.S十V十O十C主谓宾补构造
They
made
thegirl
angry.主
谓
宾
宾补
Theyfoundherhappythatday.Isawhimin.Iheardtheglassbrokenjustnow.
句子成分练习题(一)
(一).指出以下句中主语的中心词
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotoday"shomeworkwithouttheteacher"shelpisverydifficult.(二)选出句中谓语的中心词
①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"t
B.like
C.picture
D.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.get
B.longer
C.days
D.summer③DoyouusuallygotoschoolbybusA.Do
B.usually
C.go
D.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.
A.willbe
B.meeting
C.thelibrary
D.afternoon
⑤DidthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfastA.Did
B.twins
C.have
D.breakfast⑥Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.Tom
B.didn"t
C.do
D.hishomework⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.want
B.totell
C.you
D.is⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.We
B.had
C.send
D.doctor⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.is
B.interested
C.in
D.music⑩WhomdidyougivemybooktoA.give
B.did
C.whom
D.book(三)挑出以下句中的宾语
1.Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.2.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.3.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.4.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass5.Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou6.Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.7.Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.8.Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.
9.Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.10.Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.
(四)挑出以下句中的表语
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
(五)挑出以下句中的定语
①Theyuse
Mr,Mrswiththefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.(六)挑出以下句中的宾语补足语
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooks.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow
(七)挑出以下句中的状语
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.
(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
①Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme
句子成分练习题(二)
指出以下句子中划线局部的句子成分:
1.Whetherwe’llgodependontheweather.
2.People’sstandardsoflivingaregoingupsteadily.3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.4.Thenurserytakesgoodcareofourchildren.5.I’llreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.6.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishisother.7.TherearemanyfilmthatI’dliketosee.
8.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking
9.
Ihavealotofworktodo.10.
Wecansendacarovertofetchyou.11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Shehadtoworkstandingup.Seeingthis,somecomradesbecameveryworried.Thebusarrivedtenminuteslate.Somefarmerssawsomethingstrangeinthesky.Wethinkitnecessarythateveryoneshouldattendthemeeting.It’sstrangethatshedoesn’tcometoday.
ItwasinthelibrarythatIcometoday.Helikesdrawingattimeswhenheisn’tworking.
Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.
篇五:英语句子成分专题训练题
英语句子成分练习题含答案解析(总7页)
-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-CompanyOne1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面,使用请直接删除
句子成分练习题
时间:40分钟
满分40分
1、指出下列句中主语的中心词(4分,4分钟)
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.
②Therearealotofbananatreesontheisland
③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.
④Todotoday"shomeworkwithouttheteacher"shelpisverydifficult.
2、选出句中谓语的中心词(10分,10分钟)
①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"tB.likeC.PictureD.wall
②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.
A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer
③DoyouusuallygotoschoolbybusA.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus
④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.
A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon
⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast
⑥Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn"tC.doD.hishomework
⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is
⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor
⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music
⑩WhomdidyougivemybooktoA.giveB.didC.whomD.book
3、挑出下列句中的宾语(下划线,有几个找几个)(10分,10分钟)
①Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.
②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.
③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.
④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?
⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?
⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.
⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.
⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.
⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.
⑩Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.
4、挑出下列句中的表语(5分,5分钟)
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.
②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?
③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.
④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.
⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
5、挑出下列句中的定语(6分,6分钟)
①TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.
②Whatisyourgivenname?
③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.
④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.
⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.
⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!
6、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分,6分钟)
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.
②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.
③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.
④TheycallmeLilysometimes.
⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.
⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?37、挑出下列句中的状语(8分,8分钟)
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.
②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.
③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.
④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.
⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.
⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.
⑦Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,youmustpayforit.
⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.
8、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分,5分钟)
①Pleasetellusastory.
②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.
③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.
④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.
⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme
句子成分练习题(解析)
时间:40分钟
满分40分
1、指出下列句中主语的中心词(4分,4分钟)
①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.
老师带着两个学生走进教室。
walking为谓语,采用现在进行时。
*his为形容词型物主代词。is为助动词。the为定冠词。
②Therearealotofbananatreesontheisland
岛上有很多香蕉树
there为形式主语,be为不及物动词作谓语,be后的名词为真正主语。bananatrees是主语,thereare是谓语,alotof是定语,修饰bananatrees,ontheisland是介词短语作定语,同样修饰bananatrees.
③Theusefuldictionarywas(given)谓语被动bymymother【lastyear】状语.
这本有用的词典是我母亲去年给的。
④Todotoday"s‘homework’宾withouttheteacher"shelp(is)very{difficult.}表
没有老师的帮助做今天的家庭作业是非常困难的。
2、选出句中谓语的中心词(10分,10分钟)
①Idon"tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don"tB.likeC.PictureD.wall
我不喜欢墙上的画。
②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.
夏天来临时,他的日子越来越长。
A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer
*get为系动词作谓语,采用一般现在时。
*第1个long为形容词作表语。
*when为连词,引导时间状语从句。
*comes为谓语,采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
③DoyouusuallygotoschoolbybusA.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus
④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrary【thisafternoon.】状语
A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon
⑤Didthetwins主have谓porridge宾fortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast
这对双胞胎早餐吃粥了吗?
⑥Tomdidn"tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn"tC.doD.hishomework汤姆昨天没有做家庭作业。
⑦
(WhatIwanttotell宾you)主从isthis表.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is
⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor
我们最好叫医生来。
⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music
⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book
助
主
谓
宾
你把我的书给谁了
3、挑出下列句中的宾语(10分,10分钟)
①Mybrotherhasn"tdonehishomework.
②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.
③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.
你必须注意你的发音。
④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?
⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?
⑥Theold‘man’sittingatthegate‘said’hewasill.宾从
坐在门口的那个老人说他病了
⑦Theymadehim宾monitor宾补oftheclass.
他们让他当班长。
⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.
穿过桥,你会在左边找到博物馆。
⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.
⑩Theydidn"tknowwho"FatherChristmas"reallyis.
宾从
他们不知道“圣诞老人”到底是谁。
4、挑出下列句中的表语(5分,5分钟)
①Theoldmanwas‘feeling’谓verytired.
助动adj.作表
②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?
谓
主
表
③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.
⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
她是第一个知道这件事的人。
5、挑出下列句中的定语(6分,6分钟)
①Theyuse‘Mr,Mrs’宾withthefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?
③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.
④Iamafraid【somepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.】宾从
⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.
楼下的那个人正试图睡觉。
⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!
我在等另一只鞋的声音
6、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分,6分钟)
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.
她喜欢孩子们在阅览室看报看书。
②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.
他让她把那个男孩带出学校。
③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.
④TheycallmeLilysometimes.
他们有时叫我莉莉。
⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.
我看见王先生上车了。
⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?
你刚才看到李明在操场上踢足球了吗?
7、挑出下列句中的状语(8分,8分钟)
①Therewasabigsmileonherface.
②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.
③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.
④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.
⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.
状语(非从句)
主
谓
李小姐胳膊下夹着药箱,匆匆走了。
⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.原因状语从句
⑦Iamafraidthatifyou"velostit,宾从youmustpayforit.
恐怕如果你把它弄丢了,你必须赔偿。
⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.
学生们跟着王叔叔去看另一台机器。
8、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语(5分,5分钟)
①Pleasetellus间astory直.
②Myfatherboughtanewbike直forme间lastweek.
③MrLiisgoingtoteachus间history直nextterm.
④Hereisapen.Giveit直toTom间.
⑤Didheleaveanymessage直forme间
答案
1、①teacher②bananatrees③dictionary④Todo
2、①B②A③C④A⑤C⑥C⑦D⑧C⑨A⑩A
3、①homework.②English.③attention④words⑤togoswimming⑥hewasill.⑦himmonitor⑧bridgemuseum⑨itschool.⑩who"FatherChristmas"reallyis
4、①tired.②worried③yellow.④interested⑤thefirst
5、①family②given③third④some⑤downstairs⑥oftheothershoe!
6、①toreadnewspapersandbooks②totaketheboy③difficult④Lily⑤getonthebus⑥playingfootball
7、①onherface.②Everynight③whenhewaseleven.④toofast.⑤
Withthemedicineboxunderherarm⑥becauseshelovesbooks.⑦
ifyou’velostit⑧toseetheothermachine.
8、①us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语
③us,间接宾语history,直接宾语
④Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语
⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语
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